Antioxidant Activity-Guided Isolation of Phenolic Compounds from Leaves of Vitex pinnata (Lamiaceae)
Hudia Umami Faisal
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
Mai Efdi *
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
Afrizal Itam
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
Tia Okselni
Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
Lenny Anwar
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Riau, Riau, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to isolate phenolic compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of V. pinnata Linn, which have antioxidant properties, guided by a TLC-Bioautography (Thin-layer chromatography) with a reagent of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The TLC-antioxidant bioautography technique has several advantages. It does not require a long time in testing, the sample used is small, and it can potentially obtain promising antioxidant-positive compounds.The isolation process led to obtaining two phenolic compounds. The UV-Vis, FTIR, and NMR spectrum analysis showed that the compounds were (1) p-hydroxybenzoate and (2) luteolin. Further antioxidant evaluation by DPPH assay showed a potential radical scavenging DPPH of luteolin (2) with an IC50 of 1.56±0.18 µg/mL.
Keywords: Antioxidant, structure elucidation, TLC-bioautography, Vitex pinnata Linn