Hybrid Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Containing Wood Flour for Paper Applications – A Comparative Handsheet Study
Klaus Dölle *
Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering (PBE), College of Environmental Science and Forestry (ESF), State University of New York (SUNY), One Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Kilian F. Baumgartner
Department of Packaging Technology and Paper Process Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Lothstraβe 34, 80335 Munich, Germany.
Neil F. Goodman
Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering (PBE), College of Environmental Science and Forestry (ESF), State University of New York (SUNY), One Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Alexander Klitsiotisoris
Department of Packaging Technology and Paper Process Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Lothstraβe 34, 80335 Munich, Germany.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The main objective of this paper handsheet study is to investigate if a hybrid filler material containing wood flour and precipitated calcium carbonate can replace and/or supplement commercially available ground calcium carbonate and precipitated calcium carbonate mineral filler material for papermaking. The handsheet study contains 25 different furnish mixtures. Four different types of wood flour were used to manufacture the hybrid filler material, including two wood flour blends with a strengthening agent. All handsheet were manufactured with an 80% harwood and 20% softwood mix. The filler content varied between 10, 15 and 20%. The study showed that the hybrid filler material achieved a retention of up to 92.68% as well as a higher caliper of up to 208 μm compared to commercial ground and precipitated calcium carbonate of 120.4 μm and 145.6 μm respectively. Tensile and tear strength did not show an improvement. Elongation and tensile energy absorption did improve of up to 30% with the strength additive containing hybrid filler material. Opacity was improved of up to 10% with the hybrid filler material. Brightness and color values were lower due to the natural brow color of the wood flower material.
Keywords: Wood flour, filler, PCC, GCC, additive, strength, retention, papermaking, paper properties